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        <title>Robotic & Microcontroller Educational Knowledgepage - Network of Excellence</title>
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        <title>Autonomous Systems</title>
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        <description>Autonomous Systems



Autonomous systems use sensors (e.g. cameras, radars, ultrasonic sensors) to collect information about the environment. The collected data are processed, and decisions regarding further action are made on their basis. What exactly is autonomy? The autonomy of a system can be defined as its ability to act according to its own goals, norms, internal states, and knowledge, without external human intervention. This means that autonomous systems are not limited to robots or unma…</description>
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        <title>Authors</title>
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        <description>Authors

The list of book contributors is presented below.

Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech)

	*  Rahul Razdan, Ph.D
	*  Mohsen Malayjerdi, Ph.D

Silesian University of Technology

	*  Roman Czyba, Ph. D., DSc., Eng.
	*  Piotr Czekalski, Ph. D., Eng.</description>
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        <title>Autonomy Validation Tools</title>
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        <description>Autonomy Validation Tools

put your contents here

The following chapters contain more details:

	*  Overview of V&amp;V Techniques
	*  Testing Infrastructure
	*  Challenges Ahead
	*  Research Outlook</description>
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        <title>Control, Planning, and Decision-Making</title>
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        <description>Control, Planning, and Decision-Making

put your contents here 



Autonomous systems across ground, airborne, marine, and space domains share common architectural layers—perception, decision-making, and control—but diverge significantly due to differences in dynamics, environmental uncertainty, and safety constraints.</description>
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        <title>SafeAV - The Curriculum</title>
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        <description>SafeAV - The Curriculum

Current version of PDF / Generate new PDF!

	*  Authors
	*  Project Information
	*  Abbreviation
	*  Introduction
	*  Module structure

Fundamentals of Autonomous Vehicle Safety (B)

	*  Module: Autonomous Vehicles [SUT]
	*  Module: Hardware and Sensing Technologies (Part 1) [RTU]
	*  Module: Software Systems and Middleware (Part 1) [RTU]
	*  Module: Perception, Mapping, and Localization (Part 1) [CTU]
	*  Module: Control, Planning, and Decision-Making (Part 1) [TalTech]…</description>
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        <title>Project Information</title>
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        <description>Project Information

This content was implemented under the project: SafeAV - Harmonizations of Autonomous Vehicle Safety Validation and Verification for Higher Education.

Project number: 2024-1-EE01-KA220-HED-000245441.

Consortium


	*  ITT Group, Tallinn, Estonia (Coordinator).</description>
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        <title>SafeAV - Hands-on guide</title>
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        <description>SafeAV - Hands-on guide

Use-case requirements

This chapter defines the minimum requirements for the use cases that will be developed, validated, and comparatively assessed within the SafeAV framework (AV shuttle, F1TENTH, mobile robot, UAV). The goal is to align learning outcomes with technical, safety, and regulatory constraints, and to ensure smooth integration with the selected toolchain (e.g., Autoware/ROS2, simulators, and V&amp;V tools). Requirements cover system boundaries and assumptions, …</description>
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        <description>Human-Machine Communication

put your contents here



Human–machine communication (HMC) is a critical safety and effectiveness layer across ground, aerospace, marine, and space systems, shaping how humans supervise, trust, and intervene in increasingly autonomous platforms. In</description>
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        <title>Hardware and Sensing Technologies</title>
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        <description>Hardware and Sensing Technologies

put your contents here



The underlying active physical components for all electronic systems are semiconductors.  Semiconductors span several major categories based on function, material system, and integration level. At the most basic level are discrete devices such as diodes, MOSFETs, IGBTs, and rectifiers, which control current and voltage and are widely used in power conversion and motor drives. Analog and mixed-signal semiconductors handle sensing, ampli…</description>
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        <title>Introduction</title>
        <link>https://www.robolabor.ee/homelab/en/safeav/introduction?rev=1775549359&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>Introduction



Electronics design trends have revolutionized society. The start was with centralized computing led by firms like IBM and DEC. These technologies enhanced productivity for global business operations, significantly impacting finance, HR, and administrative functions, eliminating the need for extensive paperwork. The next wave in economy shaping technologies consisted of edge computing devices (red in Figure below) such as personal computers, cell phones, and tablets. With this cap…</description>
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        <title>Perception, Mapping and Localisation</title>
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        <description>Perception, Mapping and Localisation



The modern era of autonomy is often traced to the DARPA Grand Challenges (2004–2007), but it builds on decades of earlier automation across ground, marine, airborne, and space systems. In the airborne domain, autopilots date back to early 20th-century systems like Sperry Autopilot, evolving into today’s highly integrated flight management systems used on commercial aircraft such as the Boeing 777 and Airbus A320, where autopilot, autothrottle, and fly-by-w…</description>
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        <title>Use Cases</title>
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        <description>Use Cases</description>
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        <title>en:safeav:projectinformation</title>
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        <description>Done, Roman</description>
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        <title>References</title>
        <link>https://www.robolabor.ee/homelab/en/safeav/references?rev=1761669526&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>References</description>
    </item>
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        <title>Software Systems and Middleware</title>
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        <description>Software Systems and Middleware

put your contents here



What is Software ?



Programmable Hardware and the Emergence of Software Systems

The previous chapter introduced electronic hardware and the role of electronic components in implementing system functionality. However, the physical nature of hardware—and the inherent complexity of designing across mechanical, electrical, and logical domains—places fundamental limits on the speed and flexibility with which new system capabilities can be …</description>
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        <dc:date>2026-04-09T12:15:45+00:00</dc:date>
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        <title>SafeAV - The Handbook</title>
        <link>https://www.robolabor.ee/homelab/en/safeav/toc?rev=1775726145&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>SafeAV - The Handbook

Current version of PDF / Generate new PDF!

Todo list

Responsibilities

Rules for book development

Table of Contents:

	*  Authors
	*  Project Information
	*  Introduction
	*  Autonomous Systems SUT
		*  Definitions, Classification, and Levels of Autonomy SUT [Draft]


------- remove? -------

	*  Autonomous Vehicles SUT [Draft]
			*  Autonomous Ground Vehicles
			*  Autonomous Aerial Vehicles
			*  Autonomous Marine Vehicles

		*  Ground, Aerial, and Marine Vehicle Arch…</description>
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        <dc:date>2026-01-01T22:31:34+00:00</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>ToDo list for a SaveAV Book</title>
        <link>https://www.robolabor.ee/homelab/en/safeav/todo?rev=1767299494&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>ToDo list for a SaveAV Book</description>
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